Motivation: The key to success Essay

Motivation is the desire to do something and achieve the many goals in life, no matter how many obstacles you have to go through. To many people, it is the essential element that pushes them towards what they want to be. From setting goals, to working hard to achieve them, and finally accomplishing them. There is several motivation theories like: Incentive theory of motivation, which suggests that people are motivated to do things because of external rewards. For example, people go to work everyday for the reassurance that they will get paid at the end of the month. Another type of theory is the Drive theory. It is when people are motivated to take actions to reduce the tension that is produced from unimportant needs. Thirst, hunger and warmth are some examples of drives. Arousal theory is yet another theory. It when you take actions that control your level of arousal. When your arousal level gets high you might want to relax by meditating or reading a book. And when your arousal lev el gets low, you’d want to go for a jog or watch an exciting movie. Last but not least, the Humanistic theory is commonly a motivation behavior in which all businessmen have. It is the strong reasons that lead people to perform various actions like creating a business. It is famously showed by Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, which presents different motivations at different levels. And it is the desire to fulfill one’s individual potential. These are the different psychological behaviors people act on when they are motivated. But is motivation important in everybody’s life? Yes it is. Mostly businesses. Motivation is the main factor to which why businesses around the world are successful. No man started a business without getting motivated to take action and achieve his goal of starting a successful business. It keeps you moving towards your goals. Motivation in a business insures that the employees work hard and it improves their level of efficiency. It leads to productivity and stability of work force. The benefits of having a well motivated indicates lower staff turnover, lower absenteeism, higher productions, pleasant working atmosphere, more co-operation and happiness in the working environment leads to innovation. If you lot interest in your business, you loose your motivation and that can immensely affect your business negatively. Motivation is the main reason to success Maslow’s  hierarchy of needs is one of the most famous theories of motivation. Abraham Maslow believed that the reason people go to work changes. So he created a hierarchy of needs, which he thinks people will go to work for. At the bottom of the hierarchy he put the essentials in one’s life, physiological needs such as air, food, shelter and clothing. Safety and security come on top of the basic needs. Every employee should be provided with protection from any danger in his or her working environment. Social needs are in the middle of the hierarchy. Trust and care are to be present in one’s working environment to increase productivity in the business and ensure employees are happy. Employees also need esteems needs, they need to be recognized and respected for the work they have done and praised for their achievements. Finally, at the top of the hierarchy is self-actualization means that people need to feel some fulfill ment in what they do. Many businesses follow this theory and are well motivated and are one of the most successful businesses. Let’s take Kelloggs for example. They provide their staff with every need in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and that is why their staff is well motivated and they have less absenteeism. In the other hand, Herzberg’s two-factor theory helps gives employees job satisfaction like achieving aims, chance of promotion, responsibility, interesting work, recognition and personal development. He called that factor motivators. But it doesn’t mean that motivators satisfies all the workers needs. He called the other factor hygiene factors that satisfies all a worker’s other needs like pay, working conditions, job security, quality of supervision, staff relationships and company policy. This theory tells us that dividing all an employee’s needs in 2 different factors that cannot work alone only together is the most effective way of making a business successful and well motivated. For example, the business would make the work interesting so the employees woul d feel well motivated. But, employees would also loose their motivation if hygiene factors such as pay and job security weren’t offered in a business which would result in failure in the business. These 2 theories that I have mentioned are different, but very similar in some ways. One thing they do have in common is that they are the factors to a well motivated and successful businesses. They both relate on the argument that â€Å"we behave as we do because we attempting to fulfill a certain needs†. They both specify the subject as to what motivates people. However, it all depends on your  values and norms. For example, the Japanese say that safety and physiological needs are most important to them while employees in Norway say that social needs are the most important to them in their working environment. Herzberg’s hygiene factor relates to Maslow’s basic needs, safety and social needs. Also, Herzberg’s motivators idea corresponds with Maslow’s esteem and self-actualization. These theories are the most useful theories in making a business successful. Kellogg’s a very famous business that has well-motivated staff. For example, they offer competitive salaries. It gives people the means to acquire the basic needs for living. Kellogg’s also offers flexible benefits program that allows employees to choose benefits that suit them. The staff has a sense of belonging in their working environment. Another well-known business is data connection. Employees say that the managers care about them as individuals. they feel a sense of belonging. The business also provided free healthcare for employees and provides a pay that satisfies their safety and security. These are some of the successful businesses. Motivations are truly the key to success.

Analysis of First Love by John Clare

First love is a poem, which encapsulates the experience the poet has falling in love for the first time. It is rejoicing the love he attained for a woman named Mary Joyce however there is sadness and a feeling of dissatisfaction hovering in the background. This feeling exists, as the love was unrequited. The poem has an underlying tone of innocence and flurry of emotions as it is the poets very first attempt at love exhibiting his feelings for Mary. The opening of the first stanza only shows how sudden and unexpected the feeling was as he was never ‘struck before that hour’. This is followed my sibilance alliteration ‘ so sudden and so sweet’ further emphasizing on the shock and bewilderment of the overwhelming feeling confirming it is a new experience. He uses his ‘heart’ as a symbol that she has ‘stolen’ completely ‘away’ however unknowingly. The paragraph continues to describe how he physically felt ill as his ‘face turned pale a deadly pale’. Generally when a person falls in love the first instinct is that the ‘blood [is] rushed‘ to the face, which occurs as a latter reaction. This could be because he probably already sensed that the love could not be returned as he didn’t say anything to her instead he hoped that his eyes would convey the message ‘words from my eyes did start’. He never came close to even touching or talking to her however the line ‘all seemed to turn to clay’ conveys the strong affection he attained for her. He also shows how the woman is in control of their (hallucinated) relationship as she could mould and re-mould him as per her wish. In the second stanza he goes on to describe more of his emotions brought forward by this interaction. He makes it quite visual for us of how the love has its affect on him and how he flushes with embarrassment so much that for a moment he feels blind. The physical impact of love relates the experience of love and loss. His life, his emotions were all now just focused on this one girl so much so that it ‘seemed midnight [to him] at noonday. This stanza ends on a very sad but dramatic note when he says that ‘blood burnt around my heart’ because he was in terrible pain emotionally as well as physically. The pace of the poem is however slows down in the last stanza. The poet seems depressed that the love he encompasses for Mary will never be fulfilled. The stanza begins with the poet asking rhetorical questions. In the first question he refers to flowers again like in the first stanza when he says ‘her face bloomed like a sweet flower’ it shows how innocent the love is and as they were never in physical contact even virginity. Also Clare admits that him and Mary could never be together as shown forth by the comparison of ‘flower’ and ‘winter’. According to him it will be as hard for their relationship to bloom as it would be for a flower in winter and slowly it will wilt and die. The second question shows his desperate depression. It clearly implies love as cold, deceitful and to be treated with caution. But he himself dove into it and continually obsesses about her. Love has a very strong physical impact within his body. These new feeling seem to have shaken him with surprise. The line ‘my heart has left its dwelling place’ exhibits the sense of loneliness and desertion that he feels. It includes rhetorical questions such as â€Å"are flowers the winters choice? † and I†is love;s bed always snow? † the reference to flowers takes us back to the simile in the beginning of the poem where the blooming of her face is compared to that of a flower suggestive of the blossoming of his love for her . it is in sharp contrast to the second reference of the flower which can only wilt and die in winter rather than blossom suggesting the lack of any possibility of the two coming together. Also read: In Exile Poem Analysis Arthur Nortje He refers to her face blooming like a sweet flower signifying the blossoming of his love which contrasts with the second reference to the flowers which is compared to winter suggests the lack of any possibility of them coming together just as the flower. the second question shows his desparate depression implying that love is cold deceitful and to be treated with caution . having drowned him in her live now it seems impossible for him to come out of it as my heart has left its dwelling place there is a sense of loneliness and the desertion that lurks towards the end of the poem making the reader to almost empathize with the poet. We are made to go through the experience and as the poem uses a diary form, it almost appears as if the poet is pouring his heart onto the paper. This is what makes the poem stand out as one can really suffer with him. He uses similes ‘her face bloomed like a sweet flower’, metaphors ‘my life has turned into clay’, alliterations such as ‘so sudden so sweet’ and realistic and effective images to make that possible. The rhyming structure of the poem is AB-AB-CD-CD. In each paragraph his feelings keep developing and we are made to witness this experience. The realistic images the poem has, helps the reader to understand the physical effects of being in love. The love he has was the sweetest, noblest and deepest love he has witnessed in his entire life so much so that it later drove him to insanity. Therefore more than first love I would consider it to be his true love. I feel as if the poet has been successful in conveying the impact of his emotions throughout this poem.

Accidents Happen All the Time

It involved a car border line illegal with balding tires, and brakes set on suicide mode. The person driving the vehicle of doom was a struggling college student, with little and or no money. The lady driving a car right off the lot spoke with thick New York accent and had the temper to match. It’s funny how at any moment, thoughts turn into actions, actions turn into events, and suddenly were left to face the aftermath. That day specifically was a mess of intertwining events that lead to two people meeting in unfavorable circumstances. Everyone gets involved in accidents, whether they’re cautious or reckless. The driver of a black kia death machine was especially cautious considering she knew it was not the best in regards to safety. She knew it wasn’t long before some freak accident would cross his path, but she would try to avoid it like hell. The fact is life is a recycling wheel, in which past leads to present, and every action has its foot print in the future. It was early in the morning, around 7:30 and the streets were busy with stop and go traffic in every direction. The sky was overcast, gray clouds blocking all sunlight, with rain pouring down in scatters. The streets were glossy with rain, and the reflection of the lights shone on the surface. Traffic was absolutely ridiculous and early commuters are often aggressive if not outright maniacs. The young woman was driving her way home from a late night with friends, still a little groggy since she wasn’t use to being up so early. She had driven down that road a million times and never had any issues with the morning flow. She was just about to merge into the next lane, since the turn for the highway was coming up further ahead. She started to drive over and saw the car ahead break lights shining brightly through the light rain. She began to pump the breaks, when suddenly the car didn’t slow down as expected. The car ahead seems to being nearing quickly, and her heart started to race. She pulls the emergency break and feels the drive of the car as it pushes forward regardless. In mere moments a normal drive home turned into a scary event. The sound of screeching tires pierced the air, a loud thud broke the morning silence, and what followed can be described as an atmosphere of confusion and anger. The driver in the black kia didn’t know what to do. She had just hit a car from behind, and she knew he had to get out and confront the other driver. It was raining, which made it entirely more uncomfortable, and all around him cars honked and whizzed by in frustration. She opened the door cautiously with shaking hands. A head a lady comes at her with craziness in her eyes, staring directly at her. â€Å"You little punk, are you freaking blind†. The lady that hit the car was trying to stay calm saying â€Å"Lady, get a grip. Your car is still drivable†¦ my bumper is sitting on the ground†. The lady was furious; she screamed for 5 minutes before she noticed the other driver wasn’t saying anything and then she apologized. The two began to explore the damage, which inflicted much more harm on the kia then the new 2013 escalade. The new car had a few scratches, but the young college student’s car looked like it had a head on collision with a semi-truck. It wasn’t even the worst Part of everything because the faulted driver had no insurance, and she knew she was going to get totally screwed by the man in blue because she has zero car insurance. The cops arrived on scenes approximately two hours later. The thought of fleeing the scene had cross the faulted drivers mind more than a few times. If it weren’t for a bumper half on the ground, and an exchange of information holding her back, she has been half way home and scott free. Three hundred dollars in fines, and lawsuit pending, that young driver figured something crucial out. Don’t drive without insurance, and if you are don’t do it with a car with bad breaks because you will inevitably screw your life over and get into an accident. Accidents Happen All the Time It involved a car border line illegal with balding tires, and brakes set on suicide mode. The person driving the vehicle of doom was a struggling college student, with little and or no money. The lady driving a car right off the lot spoke with thick New York accent and had the temper to match. It’s funny how at any moment, thoughts turn into actions, actions turn into events, and suddenly were left to face the aftermath. That day specifically was a mess of intertwining events that lead to two people meeting in unfavorable circumstances. Everyone gets involved in accidents, whether they’re cautious or reckless. The driver of a black kia death machine was especially cautious considering she knew it was not the best in regards to safety. She knew it wasn’t long before some freak accident would cross his path, but she would try to avoid it like hell. The fact is life is a recycling wheel, in which past leads to present, and every action has its foot print in the future. It was early in the morning, around 7:30 and the streets were busy with stop and go traffic in every direction. The sky was overcast, gray clouds blocking all sunlight, with rain pouring down in scatters. The streets were glossy with rain, and the reflection of the lights shone on the surface. Traffic was absolutely ridiculous and early commuters are often aggressive if not outright maniacs. The young woman was driving her way home from a late night with friends, still a little groggy since she wasn’t use to being up so early. She had driven down that road a million times and never had any issues with the morning flow. She was just about to merge into the next lane, since the turn for the highway was coming up further ahead. She started to drive over and saw the car ahead break lights shining brightly through the light rain. She began to pump the breaks, when suddenly the car didn’t slow down as expected. The car ahead seems to being nearing quickly, and her heart started to race. She pulls the emergency break and feels the drive of the car as it pushes forward regardless. In mere moments a normal drive home turned into a scary event. The sound of screeching tires pierced the air, a loud thud broke the morning silence, and what followed can be described as an atmosphere of confusion and anger. The driver in the black kia didn’t know what to do. She had just hit a car from behind, and she knew he had to get out and confront the other driver. It was raining, which made it entirely more uncomfortable, and all around him cars honked and whizzed by in frustration. She opened the door cautiously with shaking hands. A head a lady comes at her with craziness in her eyes, staring directly at her. â€Å"You little punk, are you freaking blind†. The lady that hit the car was trying to stay calm saying â€Å"Lady, get a grip. Your car is still drivable†¦ my bumper is sitting on the ground†. The lady was furious; she screamed for 5 minutes before she noticed the other driver wasn’t saying anything and then she apologized. The two began to explore the damage, which inflicted much more harm on the kia then the new 2013 escalade. The new car had a few scratches, but the young college student’s car looked like it had a head on collision with a semi-truck. It wasn’t even the worst Part of everything because the faulted driver had no insurance, and she knew she was going to get totally screwed by the man in blue because she has zero car insurance. The cops arrived on scenes approximately two hours later. The thought of fleeing the scene had cross the faulted drivers mind more than a few times. If it weren’t for a bumper half on the ground, and an exchange of information holding her back, she has been half way home and scott free. Three hundred dollars in fines, and lawsuit pending, that young driver figured something crucial out. Don’t drive without insurance, and if you are don’t do it with a car with bad breaks because you will inevitably screw your life over and get into an accident.

Answer three questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Answer three questions - Essay Example The first technological change involved for example movement from use of the keypad to development of touchpad in mobile phones for examples, to ultra-modern laptops that are easy to carry. The second type of technological change that is radical innovation can be associated with the development of high speed magnetic levitation trains. The third technological change of changes in a technological system is more focused on research in science more so on genetics, mostly by pharmaceuticals while the fourth type of technological change of techno-economic paradigm can be associated with advancement in items such as steam power, electricity and ICT (Sassen, 2012). ICT mainly belong to the fourth type of technological change of techno-economic paradigm majorly because changes in ICT have brought about tremendous changes on how economic activities are conducted, changing the face of doing business on domestic Markets by introducing a paradigm shift to global oriented business operations (Sas sen, 2012). (B) Critically Discuss The Argument That ICTs Shrink Time And Space Across The Globe. Bring Examples to Support Your Answer ICT has reduced the time and space in the globe in terms of providing a means of communication between buyers and sellers located in different parts of the globe. Jobs can be outsourced and products exported to foreign markets at short notice (Loebis & Schmitz, 2005). ICT provides input and output in the form of information on the market operating conditions, expectations from market players as well as negotiations. ICT has led to shrinking of time and space by providing the back bone of a 24 –hour global economy in which financial services across different markets worldwide are instantaneous. The financial services in a global perspective are not tied down to a physical location as information forms the main input and output (Loebis & Schmitz, 2005). ICTs have shrunk time and space across the globe by providing technologies that are digital and advanced and make communication between individuals in different parts of the globe instantaneous and seamless (Sassen, 2012). An example of this technology is voice over the internet protocols such as Skype. Computerization of financial services makes geographical location of financial capital less important. ICT continues to form the basis for business process outsourcing (BPO) as it provides the foundation for transfer of business functions such as call center management as well as payroll preparation (Loebis, & Schmitz,2005). Question 2 (a). Can Outsourcing Be The Basis Of Development And Growth For Countries Which Lie Outside The Established Global Processes Of Production? Outsourcing involves contracting of various forms of business functions to external vendors. This is necessary where a firm aims at cutting down on costs such as labor. Examples of business functions that can be outsourced include payroll preparation, billing, call center services and data entry among oth ers. Global players in the outsourcing business include India, Israel and Ireland while countries such as china and Russia have exhibited signs potential growth in the outsourcing business (Linden, Kraeer & Dedrick, 2009). Whether outsourcing can be a foundation of development and growth for countries that lie outside the established global process of production, is hugely dependent on various factors such as the government's vision and policy, the

East Asia in the Modern World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

East Asia in the Modern World - Essay Example Moreover, both movements consider the spiritual history in material and selfless sense. In both counts, the material self means an individual’s material body that is ever considered real while on the other hand, the selfless is the spiritual consideration of the material body not being real. Notably, the material self often manifest itself in the violent millenarian movements as the selfless struggles often lead to peace of the inner mind (Ebrey, Walthall, and Palais 333). Apparently, both the Taipings and the Tonghaks are inspired by the â€Å"selfless† notion that has made them evade overt violence; however, the movements often attract some elements that are associated with material self-struggle. Despite series of similarities shared by the Taipings and the Tonghaks, they also have some notable differences. The Taipings and the Tonghaks do not share collective sense in the spiritual world. For several decades, the Taiping founded a dream based on the peace and egalitarianism concepts. These concepts led to corruption, murder, power struggle, and terrible dictatorships (Ebrey, Walthall, and Palais 357). On the other hand, the teachings of the Tonghak advocated for terrestrial salvation; however, it did not teach the realization of the earthly heaven. Regardless of its miniature contributions to the early heaven, it initiated sociopolical reforms that trained and set the minds of people to believe on humanity have God’s nature or humanity is God and humanity is to be achieved through salvation that only comes through an individual’s own

Brand management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Brand management - Assignment Example One of the brand names which has existed over the years is Pura, a milk produced by Lionco in Canberra, Australia. Pura is a milk product by Lionco Company. The company has been in the market for a longer time to build a competing brand like Pura. The company also purchases billion liters of milk from over 500 Australian farmers each year towards processing its milk (Lionco, 2015). Its products range from full-cream, flavored, fresh to UHT milks (Lionco, 2015). Among of its popular brands includes Pura, Dairy Farmers, Dare, Farmers Union, Classic and Big M among others (Lionco, 2015). Pura, the company’s outstanding brand has been in the market since 1935. It has a combination of natural vitamins and minerals and a creamy taste (Lionco, 2015). The products naturally provide nutrients for all family members and very essentially when taken daily. Moreover, the brand comes in nine variants to suit the emerging and every need of the occasion (Lionco, 2015). Pura has been in the market for the last 80 years, it is still doing well, and competing with other products recently introduced in the market. The products success in the market has been facilitated by its brand name. Customers identify the company with its products, hence contributing to the maintenance of their loyalty. Similarly, its continuous stay in the market makes it meets generation, which has preferences, hence has to deal with the new emerging market to remain competitive. However, there are emerging trends in the market that might affect the brand, and there is a need to take measures to counter the effects. First, consumer preferences are changing very fast, and not likely to maintain their loyalty is the product cannot meet their demands. The consumers who were present 80 years ago during the launching of the product are not the consumers of today; today’s consumers have a different need, which they want the

A DIFFICULT CHOICE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A DIFFICULT CHOICE - Essay Example Chances of avalanches are real! It is not possible for anyone to survive in this condition of blinding blizzard, in the tent for 10-15 days at a stretch. Even the return journey is going to be perilous! We venture to give this advice to you from our fifteen years’ experience with the moods of the Himalayas. The weather may worsen further or everything may be perfect by tomorrow. That is the unpredictability about the Himalayas.† At our insistence they agreed to stay in this camp for another two days. If the weather is fine by tomorrow, we shall make a trial ascent in the morning and return to the camp by evening. That will give us confidence for the final assault and to acclimatize our bodies to high altitude conditions. My dear friend, you know the challenge of Mount Everest has been my daring dream. My birth at Colorado has something to do with it. But let me tell you, mountaineering at Colorado, are kindergarten stuff as compared to the challenge of the Himalayas. From a distance, Everest looks a graceful and gentle mountain. In the climber’s life its conquest is the ultimate achievement. I came here in pursuit of that ambition, and my girl-friend Sandia, had reservations about the timings of my adventure. â€Å"Attempt it two-three years after our marriage,† she often pleaded. â€Å"No, you will marry the Everest hero, not an ordinary mountaineer,† I retorted. Right now we are in a brutally exposing situation. In all probability, we are up to a do or die situation. In any case, we two will not give up without making a final attempt on the summit, when the blizzard stops and the weather turns favorable. Frankly, I have no moral courage to address this letter to Sandia directl y. She is tender-hearted and would be unable to bear the shock of my being stuck up in the snowy heights of the Himalayas. When you get this letter, meet her, do pep talks to bolster up her spirits and then show her the letter. With

How and In What Ways Information Technology Has Changed How We Essay

How and In What Ways Information Technology Has Changed How We Collaborate - Essay Example Information technology, which is a core element of information, has influenced many aspects of organizations. First, the adoption of IT has led to changes in the organizational structures. The organizational structure refers to the arrangement of authority and communication relationships as well as a workflow in an organization (Kirst-Ashman & Hull, 2008; Golembiewski, 2000). The type of organizational structure influences the level and nature of collaboration in the organization. Hierarchical organizational structures limit collaboration because they tend to focus on top-down collaborations. However, flat organizational structures enhance collaboration across the organization because people from different levels or different departments within the same level can communicate easily. The integration of IT into organizations has influenced the transformation of organizational structures from the hierarchical structures that prevailed before the development of IT to flat organizational structures with little hierarchical levels. Therefore, with the adoption of IT, the barriers to communication and collaboration that existed in organizations because of the hierarchical structure were eliminated or reduced. Organizations that have adopted IT have increasingly reduced the hierarchical levels in favor of flat structures. In a flat organization, people working in the different departments can easily communicate without having to follow the strict hierarchical and bureaucratic systems of communication and authority.

Joseph H Pilates Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Joseph H Pilates - Essay Example By the age of 14 he was the penultimate model, and had even begun modeling for anatomy charts. Eventually through the culmination of his own childhood and experiences, an idea began to grow in his mind. He eventually decided that everyone's modern lifestyle, bad posture, and inefficient breathing were the roots of poor health, and he would find a way to combat that effectively. He then began work on what would become known as the Pilates Method. He created a series of various exercises that would help combat these evils. Ultimately "his answer to these problems was to design a unique series of vigorous physical exercises that help to correct muscular imbalances and improve posture, coordination, balance, strength, and flexibility, as well as to increase breathing capacity and organ function. He also invented a variety of machines, based on spring-resistance, which could be used to perform these exercises"( http://www.jillianhessel.com/pilates_biography.html). He would eventually include these spring Machines into ideas such as the Cadillac and the Universal reformer. Now all that lacked was a name for his new theory of mind, which Pilates would later call contrology. The first people to embrace his methods of Body Contrlogy were dancing students.

Intergovernmental Finance and Paying a Share of the Cost Incurred by P Assignment

Intergovernmental Finance and Paying a Share of the Cost Incurred by Provincial Governments for Infrastructure Improvements - Assignment Example The control of funds is in the central government and it determines the distributable pool of resources. This is a Type D grant. It is a shared type of grant because it comes from the national tax. It however under the discretion of the central government where the 10% incomes tax will be allocated that is why it is Type D which is an ad hoc type of shared tax. IV. Annually the national government determines the amount of aid it will provide to subnational governments. The distribution of this financial aid is based on population density, the percentage of citizens under the age of fifteen, and the average household income. This is a Type F grant. This is an ad hoc transfer since it is under the central government’s discretion where to allocate the funds. It is further classified under the formula type of ad hoc transfer since the division of funds for allocation will be based on the computation of certain objective criteria and elements, in this case, population density, household income and percentage of a citizen under 15. This is a Type K grant. This is a type of reimbursable expenditure based on an emergency situation in a local unit. The funds will be approved and will come from the central government and the funds to be allocated would be the total or partial cost needed by the local government. VI. Local governments receive 40 percent of the motor vehicle license fees collected by the provincial government. The fees are allocated to the local governments based on the percentage of motor vehicles the province that is owned by residents in a particular local government jurisdiction. This is a Type B grant. It is a shared type of government funds but instead of being a national tax, the funds are from the provincial government collected from regular fees collected for the issuance of motor vehicle license. Forty percent is allocated to the local unit based on certain elements, in this case, the percentage of a motor vehicle owned by residents in a certain province.

Change and Culture Case Study Essay Example for Free

Change and Culture Case Study Essay In tough economic times, companies are looking for ways to continue to provide services and products to the public without compromising quality and efficiency. When it comes to smaller businesses, or businesses that provide the same product or service, it is often wise to merge the companies together to form a stronger, more stable structure. This will take place when Frithsen Physical Therapy merges with Select Physical Therapy. Select Physical Therapy is a national corporation that provides physical therapy as well as aquatic therapy, occupational therapy, athletic training outreach and long-term care services. For the past decade Frithsen Physical Therapy has seen Select Physical Therapy as a fierce competitor that provides less than quality care to its patients. Frithsen Physical Therapy has been well known in the community for providing care in a professional and personal way. Many employees are afraid that merging with a large corporation will change the way they work, causing the quality of patient care to decrease. Middle managers will become essential before, during, and after the merge to ensure that every employee from each company understands the vision for the new corporation and is willing to compromise to make it a reality. The combining of two companies is no easy task and will change the shape and culture of both companies, until a new one is born. Processes such as communication, hiring, patient care and record keeping will change to accommodate the growing corporation, in hopes it will become more effective than either company was on its own. Merging two companies is a delicate procedure, requiring compromise and patience. Each company has built a certain culture over its existence, and each one believes that their culture is best. In reality, each company has certain services or tasks that they perform better than the other. In the instance of Select Physical Therapy merging with Frithsen Physical Therapy, the culture of the new, combined company will be similar to the cultures put in place by each company separately. However, it is important to create a new culture, differing from the previous ones, to promote a sense of teamwork and camaraderie. If this step does not occur, everyone will continue to work in his or her own culture, which becomes divisive, causing the company to be pulled in different directions (Sherrill, 2001). In the first phases of combining the companies, the culture may be fragmented, with each company holding on to what they know. Many of the employees will be wary of the changes occurring around them on a daily basis and may resist certain adjustments (Stanwick, 2000). A new atmosphere of open-mindedness and compromise needs to emerge for the blended company to be successful. When two companies are combined, there are bound to be differences of opinions between practitioners and administrators regarding polices and procedures. It is important to understand that each company brings something valuable to the table, and all ideas and opinions should be considered and discussed Avoiding a competitive stance will help employees from both sides see the positives of blending ideals and values, and ultimately encourage the birth of a stronger, more successful new culture (Stanwick, 2000). To successfully combine two companies involves cooperation from all levels of management. As a middle manager in a merging corporation, there are different strategies and skills that will be necessary to ensure a smooth transition. The most important strategy will be communication. Before the merger occurs, it is important for middle managers to understand the new beliefs and values that upper management desires (Bolton Lewis, 1998). Once middle managers understand the vision for the new company, they must pass it down to their employees. It is not enough to simply communicate the new vision; middle managers must begin practicing these changes immediately. Leading by example is the most effective way to produce results. The middle managers in most companies are more approachable than top management; therefore it is imperative that middle managers are on board with the new vision of the company and display this in a positive way. While the merger is occurring it is essential to build a team atmosphere, full of open communication, honesty, and teamwork. Each employee from both companies should feel as though their positions is important, and their cooperation is essential to the success of the forming company. Once the merger is complete, it is all about the new culture, staying visible, approachable, and communicating information early and often (Bolton Lewis, 1998). Aside from ensuring employees are blending well, it is important to focus on patient care. There will be changes implemented at every phase of the merger, but it is important not let misunderstandings, or issues within the staff affect the quality of care given to the patients. Once the merger has been finalized and integration is complete, middle managers need to assess their staff to be sure that each employee is doing his or her part to make the merge as successful as possible. If there are employees who are resisting the changes being made within the company, or not buying into the new culture and vision, it is necessary to evaluate the situation and decide what is best for the team and the company as a whole. Middle managers must not forget to consider the employees feelings when situation such as this arise. Often times, employees resist mergers because their identities are closely tied to their jobs, and they like to experience continuity of their identities. Giessner (as cited by Sidle, 2006) noted that mergers would challenge this continuity, leading to distress and anxiety from employees. When middle management can understand the feelings of their employees, they can be better equipped to handle issues that may arise by allaying fears or implementing strategies to make employees comfortable with their new roles. Even if all employees from both companies are comfortable with the combining of their two organizations, upper management has the daunting task of reworking its current systems and procedures to include the best strategies from each company. In the case of Frithsen Physical Therapy and Select Physical Therapy, the former’s employees will see the most changes. Frithsen Physical Therapy is a small corporation, covering New England, while Select Physical Therapy is a national corporation, encompassing more services and a variety of clinicians. Along with physical therapy services Select Physical Therapy offers occupational therapy, aquatic therapy, long-term care facilities, and a large athletic training outreach program. This will require managers from Frithsen Physical Therapy to be in charge of more people, and perhaps different clinicians than they are accustomed to working with. The shape and systems currently used in the company will have to shift in order to fit a larger scale of business and a more complicated hierarchy. The regional managers from Frithsen Physical Therapy reported directly to the President of the company, whereas the regional managers of Select Physical Therapy report to one of ten executive managers, who then report to the CEO of the company. The clinic managers of Frithsen Physical Therapy were able to see all of the employees they supervise on a daily basis, working side by side. With the inclusion of the vast athletic training program, they will now be responsible for knowing which athletic trainers report to their clinics, and what schools they are assigned to. There will also be a manager of athletic training services that they will need to communicate with about referrals and business relating to the relationship between the schools covered and the clinics in the area. Due to this more intricate hierarchy, the employees of Frithsen Physical Therapy will see a dramatic change in how they communicate with upper management. Under their old organization, there was a relatively straight path to the top, with only a few levels of management until they reached the President. Communication could be done easily by telephone or in person, and most employees had met each other face to face at one time or another. In the new organization, there will be a need for a more formal kind of communication. In organizations communication tends to be directional, moving upward, downward, diagonal or lateral (Leibler McConnell, 2008). Frithsen Physical Therapy was used to mostly lateral communication, discussing issues with other managers or sharing notes about a particular patient’s care. With the merger, the managers and employees will mostly be communicating upward, providing detailed reports to their supervisors, who will then provide reports to a higher supervisor, and so on. This will require attention to detail and more paperwork for the managers at every level, which will change the way the managers handle issues that arise within their department. With the inclusion of new services and a goal for comprehensive care, comes the call for new positions and alterations to old ones. A need for more middle management will arise, and more staff will be added to accommodate the growth of services while still maintaining exceptional patient care. In conclusion, there are many factors to consider when combining two organizations. It may make sense financially and logically to combine two entities that provide similar services. However, it is important to understand that not only will it be difficult to combine two cultures; it will also take time for employees to adjust to a new chain of command and new policies and procedures. Middle managers will play an important role in the blending of two corporations. They need to remain positive, lead by example, and possibly sever ties with employees who do not fall into line with new visions and ideas. An increase in communication will help make the transition successful, and ultimately all employees will reap the benefits from such a merger. References Bolton, J.M., Lewis, B. (1998, Jan/Feb). The challenge of merging and consolidating organizations. Journal of Management in Engineering, 14(1), 9-10. Academic Search Complete. Leibler, J.G., McConnell, C.R. (2008). Management principles for health professionals (5th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database. Sherrill, T. (2001, May). Creating a can-do culture. New Zealand Management, 48(4), 17-21. MasterFILE Premier. Sidle, S.D. (2006, August). Resisting the urge to merge. Academy of Management Perspectives, 20(3), 115-118. Business Source Complete. Stanwick, P.A. (2000, Jan/Feb). How to successfully merge two corporate cultures. Journal of Corporate Accounting Finance, 11(2), 7-11. Business Source Complete.

Machiavelli’s The Prince Essay Example for Free

Machiavelli’s The Prince Essay In Machiavelli’s The Prince, he plunged into how a prince could bulwark his position once he reaches the top. One of the many ways of how to secure a prince’s position is conquest by criminal virtue. In conquest by criminal virtue, Michiavelli said that a prince secures his position when he reaches the top because it takes a long time and a lot of hard work to prosper. So to make sure no one takes away their position, the prince crushes his opponents and earns obeisance from the people as much as possible. The prince also makes fewer compromises with their allies, trying to stand alone because he believes he is more sufficient and stronger than the others. A prince must also know how to reform orders. This may cause havoc because people who benefited the old order might oppose the prince but he must have the power to force the people to continue supporting him even though they are already having second thoughts. So why does this persist even though every politician and every citizen who thinks rationally knows that this is immoral. We humans are naturally driven by our hunger for power, fame and fortune. We set aside moral values and ethical values just to quench our self-interests. Politicians act on it because they know this is the easiest way to eliminate a threat. This is a permanent thing so when an enemy ceases to exist, he’s permanently gone from the competition and this gives the other politician a peace of mind because he knows that he will win for sure if he has no opponent. Citizens do not act upon this because first, citizens that belong to the lower class are afraid. How could they go against someone so powerful that this person could end their life with just a snap of their fingers? The span and extent of power of this kind of politician is vague that it might extend to having the upper hand and control over criminals and we never know what he will do just to preserve his power, fame and fortune. Second, most citizens who know about the wrong doings of this politician is paid and given a lot of consolations for their support and silence. As I said, we humans are naturally driven by our hunger by fortune. For people who do not work and believe in gaining money from a real job, this is the most convenient way of earning money because they don’t have to do anything but tay silent, run a few errands for the politician and write the politician’s name on their ballot every time he runs for a seat. There is also the fact that when local citizens support this politician, they are more secured and well protected. People who try to clash with these local citizens would already feel threaten beforehand because the politician will back them up in part of their deal for the secrecy of the politician’s dirty work. This is one of the most immoral acts performed in politics, but one that somehow we can never get rid of.

How Changes Of Family Structure Affect Society

How Changes Of Family Structure Affect Society Many countries have experienced very significant changes in patterns of family formation and family structure. Great Britain is one of the countries where these changes have been particularly marked with the result that British families have become less stable . The roles of women and men with the parents or within the family have also changed. The last 100 years have seen changes in attitudes and expectations. Bruner, J. (1985) Vygotsk, the last 100 years have been seen in the structure of technology, attitudes and expectations. Families are mix of cohabiting parents, stepfamilies, single parent families, those living apart together and civil partnerships, as well as the traditional family. it was necessary to prove that in one of five ways such as unreasonable behaviour, desertion, adultery, two years separation with consent, five years separation without consent. The changes in marriage, divorce and cohabitation have contributed to the growing number of new types of family. Two in five of all marriages are now remarriages, which makes stepfamilies one of the fastest growing family forms in Britain. In the decade to 2006, the number of single parent families also increased to 2.3 million, making up 14% of all families. Consequently more and more children are now growing up in single parent families, and in stepfamilies. A growing number of couples are also now living apart together, often following failed marriages or cohabitations. Initial estimates suggest that around two million people have regular partners in other households excluding full-time students and people who live with their parents. In most cases this is due to working in a different location to the family home or because the relationship is still in the early stages . However, womens focus on their career may also be a factor. As women choose to focus on their career before set tling into a committed relationship, they are getting married and having children later in life. Finally civil partnerships between same sex couples have created a new type of family. By the end of 2007 there had been 26,787 civil partnerships since the law was introduced in December 2005. Teenage motherhood is one of the most distinctive features of British Demography. Without teenage pregnancies, Britains rate would fall from 1.8 to 1.68 (Coleman and Chandola, Chapter 2; also Coleman 1997). Teenagers throughout Europe both East and West now engage in sexual intercourse at earlier ages than their parents or grand-parents. In disapproval pre-marital sex . Marriage was broken, little remained to prevent young people who are physically ready to have sex from doing so. The analysis of European social attitudes data (Chapter 3; also Scott, Alwin, and Braun 1996) provides information about attitudes to pre-marital sex in various countries in 1994. In these information ,52 per cent were opposed to men, and 63 per cent opposed to women, having any pre-marital sex. Only a small number believed that pre-marital sex was natural (McKibbin 1998: 296) For teenage men and women in Britain today, the average age at à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ rst intercourse is 17. But whereas in most of Western Europe, rates of teenage motherhood have fallen as teenage sexual activity has risen. Demographically, Britain more closely resembles to Eastern Europe, where a tradition of marriage has long meant high teenage fertility rates (Coleman and Chandola, Chapter 2; also Coleman 1996b: 23).Almost all of the East European births are inside marriage while all of the Western are outside marriage with a large number being outside partnership as well. In Britain, teenage births account for just over one-à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ fth of all non-marital births 21 per cent while 80-90 per cent of teenage births are outside legal marriage. In 1996, there were 44,700 babies born to women aged 15-19. Although this represents a rise over the previous year. However, it is also the case that the number of teenage girls in the population was falling from the early 1980s onwards and that the rate at which 15-19 year olds become pregnant and remain pregnant .The conception rate and the abortion rate was stable or rising throughout the period and into the late 1990s (ONS 1997d: 62). Figure shows changes in the abortion rates for selected years since 1974.There was a large drop from 1974-84 when teenage births fell steadily. From 1984 onwards, however, conceptions have à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡uctuated around 60 and abortions around 35, per 1000 women aged 15-19. The stability of both the conception and abortion rates gives few grounds for thinking that in the short term at least . British teenagers will behave different than they have in the past. And as their numbers in the population are set to rise over the next decade and number of b abies born to teenagers (Craig 1997). Britain is also distinctive for its high divorce rate. Thirty years ago, there were two divorces for every 1,000 marriages. Liberalization of the divorce laws in the 1970s was sharp rise in divorce and by the mid-1980s about 1,000 marriages ended in divorce a rate (Pullinger 1998). The rate of increase is slower now than in the 1970s and early 1980s largely because the married population contains fewer of those at high risk (Murphy and Wang, Chapter 4). Nonetheless, 40 per cent of marriages will end in divorce measures of divorce per 1,000 marriages or per 1,000 population. Moreover, people are divorcing after shorter periods of marriage. One in ten marriages which took place in 1981 ended in divorce within 4.5 years, compared with one in ten divorcing within 6 years in 1971 and after 25 years in 1951 (Roberts 1996: 2). Early marriage have long been understood to be strongly associated with marital breakdown. The younger the age at marriage, the greater the likelihood of the marriage ending (Kiernan and Mueller, Chapter 16). Between 1971 and 1996, people under age 25 experienced the greatest growth in divorce rates with rates increasing for men and women (Pullinger 1998). The problem of lone motherhood is poverty. Research suggests that, as a group, lone mothers have few chances of obtaining other than low-paid work, often because they enter the labour market disadvantaged by their low level of qualià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ cations (Bryson, Ford, and White 1998). The majority, however, have young children to care for and thus need jobs which provide enough income to meet the costs of child care. Consequently, lone mothers in Britain are less likely to be employed than in most other case countries and in the 1970s and their employment rate has declined. The difference in economic activity between married and lone mothers is particularly sharp between women with children under age 5. In the 1970s, lone mothers with preschool children were more likely to be in work than married mothers This changed during the1980s, and during the 1990s married mothers with young children have been twice as likely as lone mothers to be economically active. During the1990s one in two m arried mothers with pre-school children have been in employment compared with fewer than one in four comparable lone mothers (Kiernan, Land, and Lewis1998: 128). Most of the fall in employment among lone mothers has come in full-time work while the full-time employment of married women has risen with part-time work remaining stable. People live alone for a variety of reasons. For example, living alone may be a permanent choice and for others , it may be a temporary. While there are more people living alone at all ages and the largest increases since 1971 have come among men and women under retirement age, particularly those aged under 40 (Hall and Ogden 1997). The increase in solo living among people under pension age rejects the way in which household change is some-times linked to economic change. Since 1970s ,the number of lone-parent families has been increased in Britain and also the proportion of children raised in such families (Coleman and Chandola, Chapter 2). In the late 1990s, 1.6million families in Britain with dependent children. During the 1960s, divorce overtook death as the primary source of lone-parent families while in the 1970s and 1980s, sharply rising divorce rates and falling remarriage rates furthered their growth (Kiernan, Land, and Lewis 1998; Murphy and Wang,Chapter4). From the mid-1980s, however, most of the growth in lone-parent families has come from never-married mothers as changing attitudes towards pre-marital sex. Nonetheless, there has been a substantial increase in the number of single women who become mothers while not living with a partner (Berthoud, McKay, and Rowlingson, Chapter 15). Since in 1990s, women who had never married before becoming mothers (Pullinger 1998). The parents who were working and busy of whole day to day responsibilities, grandparents could spend more time with their grandchildren and develop a special bond (Weissvourd, 1998). Children and their grandparents each were close to each other and were able to offer mutual support for each other. There were lot of facilities on the parents to teach their children even that grand parents played important role in this situation. This gave scope for reciprocal social relationships and joint interaction in learning and contrasts with the role of the parents as well as grand parents in learning (Bruner, 1985). In the context of the family, mutual trust and respect for each members perspective (Rommetveit, 1974, 1979) was a important to this process. Government has moved away from financial support for marriage towards families. Legislative changes have given families more flexibility to maintain their home and work lives and have a degree of choice in their options. The public would like to see support made available to families and delivered to the service provider and providing additional cash. In recent years the amount of money spent by government to support families has increased significantly but it has also been dramatically re-targeted which has the effect of shifting support from one type of family form to others. Up until 1999 the three key family benefits were Child Benefit (which began in 1975), Family Credit for low-income working families, Married Mans Allowance (it became the Married Couples Allowance in 1990). Family benefit as it is available to all those in employment with a low income including single people with no dependants. However, couples and single parents do get additional credit and there is a childca re element for those that have children.

Air Pollution :: Papers

Air pollution occurs when wastes dirty the air. People produce most of the wastes that cause air pollution. Such wastes can be in the form of gases or particles of solid or liquid substance. These substances result chiefly from burning fuel to power motor vehicles. Industrial processes and the burning of garbage also contribute to air pollution. natural pollutants include dust, soil particles and naturally occurring gases. The rapid growth of population and industry and the increased use of automobiles and airplanes, have made air pollution a serious problem. the air we breathe has become so filled with pollutants that it can cause health problems. Polluted air also harms plants, animals, building materials and fabrics. In addition, it causes damage by altering the earth's atmosphere. Chief sources of air pollution  · Forms of transportation,such as automobiles, airplanes, ships and trains are the leading source of air pollution of the industrial nations. The major pollutants produced by these sources are carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons(compounds of carbon and hydrogen), and nitrogen oxides(compounds of nitrogen and oxygen). Nitrogen oxides can react in the presence of sunlight to produce a form of oxygen called ozone(O3). Ozone is the chief component of photo-chemical smog, which is a common form of air pollution.  · Fuel combustion used for heating or cooling in factories contributes significantly to air pollution. Electric power plants that burn coal or oil also release pollutants into the atmosphere. The major pollutants from these sources are nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxides(compounds of sulphur and oxygen), and carbon dioxide.  · Industrial processes produce a wide range of pollutants. Oil refineries discharge ammonia, hydrocarbons,organic acids and sulfur oxides. Metal smelting plants give off large amounts of sulfur oxides and particles containing lead and other metals. Plants that produce plastic foam are a major source of chlorofluorocarbons(CFC's),compounds of chlorine,fluorine and carbon.  · Burning of solid wastes often creates a very visible form of air pollution-thick,black smoke. The burning of garbage, leaves and other

Benefits of Alternative Dispute Resolution Essay -- ADR

The purpose of this paper is to discuss what Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) is and how it came about, what different types of ADR there is to choose from and how ADR benefits both parties compared to litigation. ADR can quickly resolve almost any minor issue regarding most civil cases family, neighbors, employers, contractors, etc. ADR includes mediation (also known as conciliation), arbitration and settlement conferences. Some of the benefits of ADR include cost, speed, confidentiality, control, cooperative resolution and industry experts. Brief History of ADR ADR has been around for many years but has really taken off over the past few decades specifically after the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed. In the Civil Rights Act of 1964 outlawed â€Å"discrimination in employment or public accommodations on the basis of race, sex or national origin.† These laws opened up the â€Å"gateway† for employee's to fight employer's for fair treatment. Also, during this time the women's movement and the environmental movements where growing quickly leading to more and more court cases. The court system where becoming overwhelmed and cases were being delayed for long period of times. As the courts were trying to resolve cases quickly there were more and more procedural errors being made. ADR's like mediation and arbitration became a popular way of to deal with these types of cases and others and it was helping relieve pressure on the already overloaded court system. The judicial system is still considered a fair way of disputing resolutions. However, it's time consuming and expensive. Some pro's of litigation, according to Citizen's Guide.ca: Pro's and Con's of litigation, are they can create a precedent that will prevent future ... ... 2011 Henton, Lesley. What is a Settlement Conference? 2009-2011. July 18, 2011 Woods, Robert E. What are the Benefits to Alternative Dispute Resolution? 1995. July 6, 2011 Judicial Council of California. Alternative Dispute Resolution: Options for Resolving Your Dispute. 2011. July 12, 2011 Bakke-Norman Law Offices. Alternative Dispute Resolution: A Client's Guide to the Language and Procedure. 2010. July 15, 2011 Beyond Factory Farming Coalition. Citizen's Guide to Confronting a Factory Farm. April 2007. July 9, 2011

What is an American :: essays research papers

What is an American? Finally someone says it right !!! You probably missed it in the rush of news last week, but there was actually a report that someone in Pakistan had published in a newspaper an offer of a reward to anyone who killed an American, any American. So an Australian dentist wrote the following to let everyone know what an American is, so they would know when they found one. An American is English, or French, or Italian, Irish, German, Spanish, Polish, Russian or Greek. An American may also be Canadian, Mexican, African, Indian, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Australian, Iranian, Asian, or Arab, or Pakistani, or Afghan. An American may also be a Cherokee, Osage, Blackfoot, Navaho, Apache, Seminole or one of the many other tribes known as native Americans. An American is Christian, or he could be Jewish, or Buddhist, or Muslim. In fact, there are more Muslims in America than in Afghanistan. The only difference is that in America they are free to worship as each of them chooses. An American is also free to believe in no religion. For that he will answer only to God, not to the government, or to armed thugs claiming to speak for the government and for God. An American is from the most prosperous land in the history of the world. The root of that prosperity can be found in the world. The root of that prosperity can be found in the Declaration of Independence, which recognizes the God given right of each person's pursuit of happiness. An American is generous. Americans have helped out just about every other nation in the world in their time of need. When Afghanistan was overrun by the Soviet army 20 years ago, Americans came with arms and supplies to enable the people to win back their country. As of the morning of September 11, Americans had given more than any other nation to the poor in Afghanistan. Americans welcome the best, the best products, the best books, the best music, the best food, the best athletes. But they also welcome the least. The national symbol of America, The Statue of Liberty, welcomes your tired and your poor, the wretched refuse of your teeming shores, the homeless, tempest tossed. These in fact are the people who built America. Some of them were working in the Twin Towers the morning of September 11, 2002 earning a better life for their families.

Nike stock Valuation

Summary Sections – Valuation Reasons about using FCC analysis Computing FCC from Net Income and SCOFF & Computing FACE from Report Introduction Nikkei is the largest footwear company in the world selling footwear, apparel, equipment through 25,000 retailers. As a stable, yet fast growing company, Nikkei is facing several obstacles in its core section. In this report, we have done thorough business analyses using Porter's Five Force and SOOT approach to get the fundamentals of market condition here Nikkei stands.In the second step, we finished the estimation of the investment value and risk of Nikkei by FCC, PEE Ratio and RIM. Finally, we give the recommendation of buy on Nine's share and the target price is $63. 17. Note: All the calculation formula and processes are listed in the Appendix. The company's dividends policies are not stable every year, sometimes Nikkei does not pay any dividends. In some years the company pays dividends but the dividends paid differ significantly from the company's capacity to pay dividends.Moreover, FCC align with profitability within a reasonable forecast period with which the analyst is comfortable. Last, the investor takes a control perspective in Nikkei company as well as there was an M&A in year 20008. Under the circumstances like this, we consider FCC models to be more useful than EDM in practice. Assumption: 0 There is no preferred stock in Nikkei.

Mcdonald’s Business Strategy Essay

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E. 124th Street 223 Kirkland, capital letter 98034 the States O 425-822-3106 C 206-257-9839 timothyMcDonald steering. com postp champion and only when(a) of Con cardinalts varlet 3 knave 5 knave 6 pageboy 9 Page 11 Page 12 Page 16 Page 18 Page 21 administrator out pull back Our vocation externalise The tradeplace Defined solid ground View buffer z maven course of instruction (Ethiopia) casted merchandise assign mart Strategy Promotion argument The Bottled piddle exertion crossway festering four Keys Norit Ultra-Filtration outline (Perfector E) Solar ply Modules Prototype configuration and fictionalisationThe patent 20-litre Tamper-proof Bottle Organizational asking regular armygua confederacy political platform US Home comp sensationnt eastern Africa Central manufacture statistical distri justion ( actors to Owners) myocardial infarction St stars fiscal Statements Sales Projections strength Budgets Cash Flow Projections Income S tatements Projected disbursement Statements Projected 2 Executive Summary W e be direct in a position to intersection pointively stick in into the stipendiary and expanding foundationwide trade for thin, clean, off the hook(predicate) boozing pissing fork up. We yield authentic and testament stack away to the orbit, the concept of keen corporation commercial urine elaboration organizations.We s residuum for our systems USAgua gross(a) body of urine sales booths. distri furtherively of our st whollys is receptive of taking in 8,000 cubic decimeters of perilously polluted raw pee apiece twenty-four hours and, done and through and through the technologic entirelyy phenomenal function of ultra-filtration, they process that un comfortablynessy irrigate into ripe, clean, purified sw all toldow body of piss system supply. Our systems atomic number 18 containerized, modular, solar supply and ultra- percolateed they function entirely off-t he-grid. Our markets be the vibrant, sophisticated, impudently emerging put- split upes of the evolution earth. These bourgeois niches act all over one billion mass and their numbers be growing daily.These nation realize the enormousness of safe confound irrigate for themselves and their families nonwithstanding, at the alike time, they do it that their presidencys argon in sufficient of providing this close to primary need. What is all- minuteant(a) to our course of instruction is that these middle class families atomic number 18 monetaryly capable of nonrecreational for our weewee. The proof is the fact that they presently languish literally tens of millions of gallons of nursing bottled peeing apiece family. Our controversy is the bottled weewee sedulousness and, genuinely soon, we forget give a comforting fraction of that market.The product we give away is clean, pure, safe imbibition peeing system. How we produce, market and sell our product is through our USAgua Pure water stalls chopine. Our kiosks be a melding of 2 wonderful technologies just forthwith coming into their receive. The root is called ultra-filtration. celluloid a bundle of spaghetti sized punch tubes through which polluted water is wield infra pres indisputable. The perforations ar so shrimpy that they stave off viruses, bacterium and parasites d protest to a log 2-4 EPA rating. This means that the water we sell is 99. 99% pure or bump when it brings our system.And, because the strains energize only back-flushing instead of courtly filter replacements, the presbyopic- boundary hails argon minimized. The number s pingle engineering we stir engaged is Solar Power. Our stalls, including all the inevitable pumps, batteries, electronics and twinkle requirements run perfect(a)ly using a Solar Power softw ar box intentional specifically for our needs. The sign costs of the solar pickaxe be steep, har dly the long terminus reliability, the fact that we dont dep leftover on some(prenominal) well(p)(prenominal) extractions of cypher and the nearly- forethought-free specifications we employ certain, make them a perfect fit in baffleing countries. Our ultra filtration systems and our solar power systems adopt been rigorously athletic field tested by their manufacturers. Our own excogitate engineers overhear melded the deuce technologies together, combined them with our storage tanks and lab power train and integrated them seam littlely into our sell USAgua sales booths. After a final prototype development program, our manufacturers bequeath ship their modules to our USAgua Central Assembly Plants in our target markets. We allow use topical anesthetic anesthetic anesthetic technicians to retrofit universally available freight rate containers and perform final installation and assembly. one time our Kiosks are utter(a), they go away be delivered to our hustlers in the field. Our worry Team bequeath locate, grow and train topical anesthetic Operators in our confuse Target marketplaces. In time, our Operators exit be given the opport unit of measurementy to own their own USAgua Kiosk, thus allowing us to solicit the entrepreneurial energy and spirit that put up be found in spite of appearance individuals in e rattling(prenominal) corner of the world. Our USAgua Operator program give ensure our market position and perceptual constancy through world-wide name filthing, equipment tiredization, standardized maintenance routines and universally accepted explanation procedures.With the stand by of whatsoever very smart engineers we have genuine the concept of our USAgua Pure piss Kiosks. At the same time, we have regorge together a vexation mock up that carry aways the best of the Ameri lead word business concepts we are so proud of and we, very carefully, introduce them into the potentially lucrative parvenu middle-class ma rkets of the developing world. Our financial package is sound. Our assumptions and our projections are conservative, our research is up to date and our signalise players are heavy on both education and real world experience. We are ready to take the following demon step forward.To that end, we are asking to restrain a US $2,200,000 Investment package so that we can bring our USAgua transnational Program to fruition. P remove, feel free to call me anytime for more knowledge or clarifications. Sincerely, Timothy McDonald 4 Our melodic phrase Plan The valet de chambre Wide foodstuff Defined Of the 6 billion hoi polloi in the world to mean solar day, over 3 billion1 live both unaccompanied off-the-grid or in communities non serviced by safe, computeable water systems. Families inwardly this demo intense, no matter their economic level, are left vulnerable to water borne diseases including viruses, parasites and bacteria.The contradict social and economic repercussions of not having get at to safe, clean intoxication water are immense. Some joined Nations reports have at peace(p) so far as to announce that safe inebriation water exit be as economically real as oil within the next decade2. We intend to be a defective player in solving the inebriety water chore. We have knowing both our USAgua Water Purification System and our melodic phrase sample to be universally adaptable. Our equipment and our business model ordain function beautifully in the suburbs of Nairobi, along the Yangtze River in chinaware and in the mountains of northern India.Anywhere on that point is both a source of water (no matter how polluted) and an unfastened view of the sun, our USAgua water purging systems allow for work. Anywhere in that respect are energetic and entrepreneurial individuals who shoot for to a advance life for their families, our USAgua Operator interlocking bequeath prosper. At the macro scale, our market is unlimited. Good business dresss, however, arrange that we start dispirited and grow carefully. We impart introduce our program to a fine, model market we are familiar with. hotshot that can be slowly record and controlled.In our wing market we forget learn a great lease from both our winneres and our mistakes. erstwhile we have field proven both our equipment and our business model, we provide enter attachmental markets with frequently great knowledge and enthusiasm. _________________________________ It is very important to determine that we are in rivalry with the Bottled Water Industry in all aspects of our program. The statistics and the markets for bottled water, world wide, are the statistics and markets relevant to USAgua. _______________________________________ 1 2 United Nations Development Program report August 2008United Nations Development Program level August 2008 5 Our Ethiopian pilot burner Program and Our Share of the Market For several reasons, including a thirty yea r professional involvement in East Africa, we have chosen the coarse of Ethiopia to show up our Pilot Program. The Ethiopian Market Defined Population (millions) 2007 Population developing (annual %) Life expectancy at stemma (long time) Literacy rate GNI (US $ billions) GNI per capita (US $ ) 78. 6 2. 6 55. 0 38. 5 19. 4 220. 0 The United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF) acquired these statistics wellness of existence using improved drinking-water sources, 2006, total 42 (cut and spread head from the UNICEF 2008 Report) These UNICEF statistics show us that in that location is a big segment of the Ethiopian commonwealth that understands the need for safe water. The definition of improved drinking-water sources, however, does not send the persona of the water. It only documents the fact that the water has been pinched from a centralized source and is conveyed to the end user via an established distribution mesh topology either municipal water systems, tank ship transpo rts or bottled water.The water may or may not be processed. It may or may not be safe. The note of both the tap water and the bottled water in Ethiopia is suspect cod to poor infrastructure maintenance and a lose of Health De bitment pattern levyment. 3 3 UNICEF Annual Report 2006 6 The Ethiopian Central statistical Agency (CSA) estimates that currently 4. 18% of the households, nationwide, have access to community water systems and taps within their bags. Ethiopia list 2004 2. 2 2006 2. 7 2008 3. 3 Current 4. 18 (cut and paste from the 2008 CSA Report)This means the bulky majority of concourse considered to have access to improved drinking water sources are using oil tumefy truck delivery (very dangerous) or bottled water. (78. 6 million X 42%) 4. 18% ) = 31. 4 million wad drink non-tap water. ) The CSA also publishes a quarterly retail toll listing for nearly any commodity found in Ethiopia. In 2008 the average cost per liter of bottled water was 6 birr. (Ethiopia n currency) BEVERAGES NON ALCOHOLIC Ambo mineral Water 500cc 3. 00 3. 00 3. 00 3. 17 3. 00 3. 00 2. 50 3. 00 2. 96 2. 50 3. 00 3. 00 2. 50 2. 5 Bure mineral Water 500cc (cut and paste from the 2008 CSA Report) (Or US $0. 48/liter at the current transpose rate) The CSA has not been able to estimate a total volume of bottled drinking water produced or consumed. We have been told some(prenominal) reasons for this overlook of statistical credential. The to the highest degree plausible is the lack of government oversight and a great black market for recycling local water in used malleable bottles. This is a very dangerous practice and one the central government has taken action to stop. 4 A a few(prenominal) assumptionsW e are way out to assume, in the interest of simplifying our Business Plan, that within and near the cities of Addis Ababa, Mekele, Bahra Dar, Nazerit and Awassa ( a total population of over 27 million ) in that location is a need for 27,000,0 00 liters of pure, safe drinking water every day. (27,000,000 X 365 long time = nearly 10 Billion liters per year) ( superstar liter of safe drinking water per day is the World Health Organizations minimum requirement. ) 4 Ethiopian Health Ministry 2008 7 Our Pilot Program Cities 10% Purchase Vicinity of Population Addis Ababa 15,375,000 15% Purchase 20% Purchase 5% Purchase Bottled Water at US $0. 50/liter Bottled Water at US $0. 40/liter Bottled Water at US $0. 30/liter Bottled Water at US $0. 20/liter 1,537,500 2,306,250 3,075,000 3,843,750 Nazerit 3,580,000 358,000 537,000 716,000 895,000 Bahri Dar 1,790,000 179,000 266,850 355,800 447,500 Awasa 1,430,000 143,000 214,500 286,000 357,500 Mekele 4,825,000 482,500 723,750 965,000 1,206,250 27,000,000 2,700,000 4,050,000 5,400,000 6,750,000 $1,350,000 $1,620,000 $1,620,000 $1,350,000 $492,750 ,000 $591,300,000 $591,300,000 $492,750,000 Population Market determine Market Value Per Day Per twelve calendar monthOur Pilot Program Mar ket Our Pilot Program Market focuses on quin major cities in Ethiopia. We can take a very conservative but educated guess that 15% of the 27 million population is capable of purchasing 1 liter of drinking water every day for US 0. 40/liter. (about a billion and a one-half liters per year guide) 1,248,000 liters (62,400 20-Liter USAgua Bottles) is the annual sales persona we have projected for each of our USAgua Kiosks. Or slight than one tenth of one percent (. 001%) of our Pilot Program conservative Market Demand. Our Kiosks are positively capable of physically producing ,920,000 liters of safe, clean drinking water annually, but for budgeting and logistical reasons as rise up as a conservative security deposit of safety, we are mental synthesis our Business Model on a 1,248,000 liters/year bottom or a 4,000 liters per day sales capacity, six days per week. The total cost to our USAgua Kiosk Program to produce, bottle and sell safe, clean drinking water is less than $0 . 10 per liter The universal laws of supply and demand would tell us that we could completely dominate the Bottled Drinking Water Industry in our Pilot Program Market.By honorable dickens things Highest Quality, Lowest terms we should expect to capture a substantial share of this huge market bandage at the same time realizing a very profitable return on investment very quickly. It is not unvoiced to imagine 40 USAgua Kiosks running(a) profitably within Ethiopia within ii years of start-up. 8 Market Strategy The Market for pure, clean, safe drinking water already exists. It is large, growing and lucrative. Our dominant piece of that world-wide market is what we go forth develop. Branding W e own the internet web domain and the trade marked name, USAgua.We are now in the process of building a comprehensive website that give address everything from the biology of parasites, bacteria and viruses to the science of removing those contaminants from our drinking water. It for get show how important safe drinking water is to individuals, societies and economies. It entrust score our USAgua Water Purification Kiosks from our competition, the bottled water industry. Our website will play very well in East Africa. Since the election of President Obama, a bran- new-sprung(prenominal), very pro-American, attitude has emerged. America and all things American are now very popular.Our USAgua Kiosks provide safe drinking water at standards equal to or better than our American EPA standards for domestic drinking water. In East Africa, they practice our standards and want that same high property for their families. Our Kiosks are multi- food colour in American national colors. The USA in USAgua is meant to emphasize our American root and our American standards. When a USAgua Kiosk is delivered to an African community our customers will feel that part of America has arrived. Our USAgua 20-liter plastic bottles are knowing to be used and re-used and re-used by the family to which they are assigned.The boldly branded bottles can not be refilled by anyone other than our Kiosk operator. Our branded one-liter personal bottles will be carried with self-complacency on the streets of our communities. The name, USAgua, will be synonymous with American high attribute and good health. Lower retail price W e know thither is a large and growing demand for safe, pure drinking water. On the macro scale this is evidenced by the ascension of the bottled water industry in every city and village in the world. In Ethiopia, our Pilot Program Market, we know the retail price of a liter of bottled water is US$0. 48.The laws of supply and demand arrange that as the price is lowered, the demand rises. The cost of our water, including all business related expectations, is less than US $0. 10 per liter. We will price our product to maximize both the measuring sold and the profit generated. 9 Flyers and Brochures Distributed topically . And a billboard or dic kens Because each of our USAgua Kiosks are intentional to replete the drinking water demand of only 400 families per day, (we are saying 10 liters per family per day) the geographic market area for each of our Kiosks is excellent, (by design) less than one square kilometer. preliminary to our Kiosks arriving at their final destinations, a local flyer and brochure campaign will saturate the area to introduce our program. club meetings will be held to educate members of our market and sell our products. A large changeable bill-board will be erected so that people will drive get wording our branding. 10 disputation The Competition for our Pilot Program Market (and every other market in the developing world, for that matter) consists of a handful of rule-governed Centralized Water Bottling and Distribution Companies as well as black-market water bottle recycling scams.The government is now in the process of both adopting new quality standards for all bottled water confident(p) they are developing the means to hold those standards. Because none of the major international bottled water producers (Danone, Nestle, and Coca-Cola) have entered the African markets, statistical documentation is lacking for total production and demand. We do know a few things, however. kickoff is that the existing legitimate bottled water industry depends on centralized plants that are, by definition, attach with the formidable costs associated with transporting heir product to market. Plus, they must corrupt plastic bottles that will be used only once, but then become potential competition as those same bottles are refilled on the black-market and resold. We also know that the end user of bottled water is becoming oft more sophisticated. They know full well the worry with boot-legged water and in most cases have gone back to boiling local water (at a tremendous expense in fuel) rather than purchase suspect bottled water. The Bottled Water Industry is not the answer for the Developing World. 11 ingathering Development .. some historyFor generations, scientists more or less the world have cognise that viruses, parasites and bacteria are present in much of the water we drink. They have also known that these tiniest of creatures are the source of the water borne diseases that have plagued humanity since Lucy stood up on her two legs and peered over the tall grasses of the African Savannah. own(prenominal) Note McDonald was stationed in the Awash vale of Ethiopia in 1973-75 only 20 miles from where Lucy genus Australopithecus afarensisr was discovered. On several occasions his uncouth School and Farm hosted Lucys rcheologists. They apprehended the water system he had developed that pulled water from the muddy Awash River and provided them safe, pure drinking water. In the developed world, from our largest cities to our smallest villages, our engineering science has solved the problem of sublimateing our waters. In America, we long ago realize d the importance of safe water to the overall health and well being of our society. It was so important to previous generations that they mandated our government to class and enforce the highest water standards in the world.Our municipal and community water systems now process and emit a dependable flow of surprisingly inexpensive water to the habitations of every citizen. The success of America is due, in no small part, to the overall health of our people. And, the overall health of our people is, in no small part, due to our wonderful communal water systems. On the macro scale, the per gallon cost of water in America is very small a penny or two a gallon at the most. The reality is, however, that a water purification plant and a distribution network are tremendously expensive to develop and operate tens of millions of vaulting horses.And, the technical sophistication necessary to maintain these systems is overwhelming to any but the most advanced economies. For so galore(post nominal) reasons (economic, political, cultural, technical) there is little hope that the vast majority of people in the cooperate and third worlds will ever be able to build and maintain the water systems necessary to provide safe water for their people. Even now, as a burgeoning middle class emerges, the central governments are ineffectual to act. The problem is just too large and the costs too high. 12 Product Development . the Stars Line UpThe USAgua Pure Water Kiosk Program isFour Components. The product we sell is clean, pure, safe drinking water. How we produce, market and sell our product is through our USAgua Pure Water Kiosks Program. Our Kiosk Program brings together four independent but equally important physical components. to wit Ultra-Filtration, Solar Power, Retro-fitted Freight Containers and Keyed, Tamper-proof 20-liter Bottles. 1. Ultra-Filtration This is a water filtration method developed and patented by Norit X-Flow, a member of the global Norit Companies. N orit is headquartered in theNetherlands with sales offices throughout the world including one just outdoor(a) of Chicago. Ultra-filtration is easy to visualize. Picture a bundle of spaghetti sized perforated tubes through which polluted water is pumped under pressure. The perforations are so small that they block viruses, bacteria and parasites down to a Log 2-4 EPA rating. This means that the water they process is 99. 99% pure or better when it leaves their system. And, because the filters require only back-flushing instead of dear(p) filter replacements, the long-term costs are minimized.Norits filters can be used for months and then back-flushed to remove all contaminants. The unquestionable filters will last for years. Ultra-filtration is truly a marvelous breakthrough. One of the depression applications that Norit X-Flow developed for its Ultra-filter engineering science was a very intelligent machine they call the Perfector-E Mobile Water Purification System. It was orig inally designed for indispensableness responders to be used in the upshot of devastating natural casualtys earthquakes, floods and hurricanes. The systems are small, strong and highly mobile.They can be transported and set up in any disaster area within hours. They are totally self contained and can draw and purify water from almost any source including exposed surface waters, local lakes, rivers, ponds and irrigation systems. The Perfector-E System can provide literally thousands of gallons of pure, safe drinking water per day to a disaster area under the most extreme conditions. And, there is another very positive aspect to Norits system. It is not a big energy user. With some adaptations, we can literally run the systems exclusively on solar power. 13 2.The twinkling basic technology we have assiduous is Solar Power. Our Kiosks, including all the necessary pumps, batteries, electronics and illuminate requirements run perfectly using a Solar Power package designed specifica lly for our needs. Our solar energy system was designed by H-Dot logical system, a solar engineering company here in Seattle. The initial costs of the solar option are steep, but the long term reliability, the fact that we dont depend on any outside sources of energy and the nearlymaintenance-free specifications we have developed, make them a perfect fit in developing countries. . Our Kiosks Our Containers. We have chosen to utilize universally available, standard steal 20 foot consignment containers as the physical basis of our Kiosk system. Containers are strong and secure. They are easily transported on any flatbed truck in the world, and once they are delivered to our abroad locations, they will serve as the actual retail Kiosk facility. Our in-house engineers have designed the retro-fit of the containers to comfortably house all the miscellaneous components in and around the retail shell.The solar panels, the gravel pre-filters, the external raw water storage tank, the inte rnal finished water storage tank with the UV sterilizer, the Ultra-filter modules, the pumps, the bombing packs, all the electronics and a water interrogation system are all neatly configured inside the container. In addition to designing the retrofit, our Kiosks will have a copy scripted exterior color and graphic scheme. The graphic scheme, once rougeed on our containers will provide a great advert platform for our USAgua Brand. A prototype unit still needs to be assembled.USAgua Kiosk 0001, the prototype, will be assembled in Seattle, Washington. A careful documentation video of the specifications and assembly methods will be produced. This process will take about four months to accomplish. formerly the first Kiosk is ready it will be shipped from the Port of Seattle to Ethiopia. Once in Ethiopia, USAgua 0001 will be delivered to our Central Assembly Fabrication facility. Our local steering will use it to train a aggroup of assembly mechanics. We will then begin purchas ing containers on the local market and preparing them for the arrival of our Filter and Solar modules. in spite of appearance a four month period, we will be assembling and delivering two complete USAgua units per month. 4. The Keyed-Tamper Proof Bottle Program One of the reasons the bottled water industry is not a good fit for the developing world is because the plastic bottles are disposable. Each new bottle, when discarded becomes a potential competition as people refill the bottle and sell it on the black market. Our USAgua bottles are specially designed to discourage re-use by anyone but the family to which it was assigned. The bottles will have a tamper proof valve and seal that can only be refilled at USAgua Kiosks.This makes the bottles un-usable outside our network and assures our customers that the water inside our stamped and smashed bottles has not been counterfeited on the black market. Our large USAgua Logo on each bottle will help promote our brand where ever it is found. 14 Organizational Development Thirty years of experience working in developing countries has taught us many things. One of the most important is that without a very involved and almighty Management presence on the ground, no program can succeed.For the success of any project in the developing world, including ours, it is vitally important that we back-up our 21st vitamin C technology with an equally robust Management and operations Program based on centurys old tried and unbowed Business Practices. We call our In- rural area USAgua International Management and Operations Program Our Partnership Program. It is based on five ruling strategies 1. Recruiting the best and the brightest. Every developing country in the world has vibrant, honest, well educated, hardworking, entrepreneurs expression for an opportunity to improve themselves, their families and their communities.Our Country managing director will identify and arouse these individuals. We will offer them a good basic family wage with the added incentive of merit-based pay raises. 2. In-Country reproduction for our Operators Our USAgua in-country Management Staff will train every fire in Kiosk system functions, maintenance procedures, program hygiene, local marketing and program bookkeeping. Trainees will work with seasoned Operators during a six month apprenticeship program. If they prove themselves capable, they will be offered a position as an Operator or Operators Helper for one of our USAgua Kiosks. . In-Country Operations Management. We will have one Project Manager for every 10 USAgua Kiosk Operators. These Project Managers will address each Kiosk Operator every month to make sure that the extremely high USAgua standards are being met and maintained. The PMs are also in charge of auditing and banking functions. There will be zero tolerance for bookkeeping errors. In addition to our Project Managers, we have a Maintenance Repair team that routinely visits each Kiosk making sure t hat no small maintenance problem becomes a big repair problem due to lack of Operator vigilance. 4.advertizing and Marketing Support Each Kiosk comes with an introductory advertising budget for local marketing. We will saturate any new locale with USAgua literature. In addition, our Staff will visit each Kiosk to engage community seminars in water quality and family hygiene. 15 5. Operators to Owners Program After two years as a USAgua Operator we will offer some of our most gifted and hardworking employees the opportunity to purchase their own USAgua Kiosk. We are wholly win over that there exists a universally powerful business strategy that assures the success of a program such as ours.This is called pride in ownership and we intend to tap that strategy to its fullest. Our US Office The home office of McDonald Management is in Seattle, Washington as will be the home offices of USAgua International, Inc. At the top of our organizational map is the President and CEO, Timothy McD onald. Mr. McDonald has a BS in International Economics (minor in Civil Engineering) with Masters work in International Economics all from the University of Washington. He has been in and out of East Africa for over thirty years with our State surgical incision as both an employee and an independent contractor.He will supervise day to day operations both in the US and overseas. Norit X-Flow International will provide the Ultra-filtration modules. H-Dot logical system will provide the solar package design and modules. R. L. Clark and Associates of Redmond, Washington will be in charge of Investor Relations, financial program development and implementation. Bahiru G. Egziabiher will be the Country Director in Ethiopia for our Pilot Market Program. He holds a Masters in Electrical Engineering from the University of Washington and has worked for Seattle metropolis Light for over twenty years. Bahiru holds duel US and Ethiopian citizenship.Dalrymple and Associates will be in charge of our Kiosk design and equipment coordination. In addition his company has designed our logo, the graphic presentation of our USAgua name and our color schemes and themes. RedRover Marketing will be in charge of our website design, maintenance and hosting. Our Office in Ethiopia W e will lease a centralized office/ storage storage warehouse facility in Addis Ababa where we will identify, recruit and train a team of assemblers and fabricators to retrofit our containers, install our filtration systems, our solar modules and our storage tanks.Our paint shop will brand each Kiosk with our name, our logo and our color scheme. 16 Bahiru Egziabiher, our Country Director, will be in charge of our Ethiopia operations including the central warehouse and assembly facility. He will oversee the assembly of two complete USAgua Kiosks per month once we get underway. McDonald and Exziabiher and, eventually, a small team of Project Managers, will identify, recruit and train a Network of USAgua Operat ors. These Project Managers will be responsible for assuring the high standards of bringing up, maintenance, product quality and accounting standards for each of their Network Operators.Within two years there will be 40 Kiosks producing pure water in Ethiopia. There will be one Project Manager for every ten Kiosks. Our Operator Network is the key to our program. Once our USAgua Operators are identify and recruited, they will go through a thorough training program. They will serve a two year apprenticeship and then, if they have proven themselves capable of maintaining our extremely high standards, they will be given the opportunity to own their own Kiosk. In this way we will tap the entrepreneurial spirit of those who will make our entire program a success.How ambitious is it to Enter the Ethiopian Market? The World confide ranks countries world wide by their Ease of Doing Business. Of the 183 countries rated, Ethiopia ranks 107. In comparison, Egypt is 106 and Kenya is 95. Since 1993 when the people of Ethiopia removed their previous communist government and replaced it with one decisively more domesticate and business friendly, the new leadership has striven to outdoors its economy to a more free-enterprise(prenominal) model. In the past 10 years, Ethiopia has been gradually re-writing its constitution in an attempt to open new markets and stabilize its business community.These efforts have paid off. In 2008-9 the World Bank ranked Ethiopia at 122 for ease of starting a business. This year they are ranked 93. And, they are getting better every year. The following statistics are all from the World Bank. Ease of doing Business 107 beginning a Business 93 transaction with Construction Permits 60 Employing Workers 98 Registering spot 110 acquire Credit 127 defend Investors 119 Paying Taxes 43 merchandise crossways Borders 159 Enforcing Contracts 57 Closing a Business 77 Summary of Indicators Ethiopia Starting a Business Procedures (number) 5 sequ ence (days) 9 Cost (% of income per capita) 18. 9 Min. capital (% of income per capita) 492. 4 17 Dealing with Construction Permits Procedures (number) 12 Time (days) 128 Cost (% of income per capita) 561. 3 Employing Workers encumbrance of hiring major power number (0-100) 33 Rigidity of hours force (0-100) 20 Difficulty of redundancy mogul (0-10) 30 Rigidity of employment index (0-100) 28 Redundancy costs (weeks of salary) 40 Registering Property Procedures (number) 10 Time (days) 41 Cost (% of property value) 2. 2 Getting Credit Strength of legal rights index (0-10) 4Depth of credit information index (0-6) 2 Public registry coverage (% of adults) 0. 1 Private part coverage (% of adults) 0. 0 Protecting Investors purpose of disclosure index (0-10) 4 issue of director liability index (0-10) 4 Ease of shareholder suits index (0-10) 5 Strength of investor tax shelter index (0-10) 4. 3 Paying Taxes Payments (number per year) 19 Time (hours per year) 198 improvement taxation (%) 26. 8 Labor tax and contributions (%) 0. 0 Other taxes (%) 4. 3 Total tax rate (% profit) 31. 1 Trading Across Borders Documents to merchandise (number) 8Time to export (days) 49 Cost to export (US$ per container) 1940 Documents to import (number) 8 Time to import (days) 45 Cost to import (US$ per container) 2993 Enforcing Contracts Procedures (number) 37 Time (days) 620 Cost (% of claim) 15. 2 winning into account the above information provided by the World Bank, it will take McDonald Management about 90 days to secure all the necessary permits, licenses, patent protection registrations and lease agreements in Ethiopia. This will all be done prior to our first Kiosk leaving the US. 8 Mile Stones First Three Months Investors have been identified and secured A US $2,200,000 credit line is opened Dalrymple Associates secures a short term warehouse lease where the prototype Kiosk will be assembled and the process documented. Norit X-Flow, H-Dot Logic and USAgua finalize specif ications for the prototype filter/solar modules The USAgua Prototype is completed and Unit 0001 is prompt for shipment to Africa In Month One, McDonald and Exziabiher leave for East Africa to secure business licenses and leases. epoch in Africa McDonald and Exziabiher identify and recruit a team of mechanics and fabricators as well as a Project Manager. They identify the first five individuals for the USAgua Operators Network. Months 4 and 5 USAgua Kiosk number 0001 is shipped from Seattle to Addis Ababa USAgua Seattle begins producing and shipping filter/power modules to Ethiopia at the rate of 2 units per month. Containers are purchased and retrofitted in our Addis Ababa facility at the rate of 2 units per month.Assembly begins and the first delivery of a unit is accomplished. Months 6 -12 All elements of our program are interrelated and we are assembling and placing USAgua Kiosks in lymph gland communities at the steady rate of 2 units per month. Project Managers and Operator s are continuing the training, quality control and apprenticeship programs. Month 13 W e achieve income/expense financial Break Even Month 24 The first 40 USAgua Kiosks are in place and working. The first USAgua Operator recruits are offered ownership of their Kiosks. 19 Business Plan SummaryW e are confident that a vibrant and lucrative market for safe, clean drinking water exists in every country of the world. We are also confident that we have the right Technology and Business Model to enter and eventually dominate those markets. To prove this, we are going to introduce 40 of our USAgua Kiosks into the Ethiopian market. There we will show that our technology is exactly right that each of our Kiosks can be operated and maintained profitably for years. And, that our Business Model is sound and worthy of the trust our investors have shown.We have developed a set of financial projections. These itemize the key elements of our program and put a dollar figure on their implementation. T hey show that an initial two year investment of US $2,200,000 will produce an operating income/expense breakeven within a year and actual profit by the end of the 40 Unit 2 Year Pilot Program. Anyone interested in viewing our Financial Report, please, call Timothy McDonald. He will be more than happy to send along our spreadsheets. Many Thanks, Timothy McDonald 206-257-9839 20